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Novinky
Christian Ochsner o důvěře veřejnosti po pandemii španělské chřipky
12. června 2025
V novém rozhovoru na blogu CERGE-EI se Christian Ochsner věnuje tématu, které je i dnes mimořádně aktuální – jak pandemie ovlivňují důvěru veřejnosti ve zdravotnické instituce.
Co se stane s důvěrou lidí, když společnost zasáhne krize? Proč někteří přestávají věřit zdravotním autoritám, zatímco jiní jejich doporučení naopak více dodržují? Ve své nové studii Pandemics’ Backlash: The Effects of the 1918 Influenza on Health Attitudes and Behavior zkoumá, jak pandemie španělské chřipky ovlivnila postoje veřejnosti ke státním zdravotním opatřením, zejména k povinnému očkování.
Na základě podrobných historických dat ze Švýcarska – kde občané pravidelně hlasují o veřejných politikách – Christian sleduje, jak různé míry dopadu pandemie ovlivnily názory na očkování. Ukazuje se, že oblasti nejvíce zasažené chřipkou začaly být vůči zdravotní politice skeptičtější a v referendech častěji odmítaly zákony o povinném očkování. Naopak rodiny, které přišly o své blízké, vykazovaly větší ochotu tato opatření podporovat a dodržovat.
V rozhovoru Christian podrobně vysvětluje, proč tyto rozdíly vznikaly a co nám mohou říct o současnosti – především o reakcích veřejnosti během a po pandemii COVID-19. „Když se stane něco velkého a viditelného, instituce, které mají situaci pod kontrolou – ať už zdravotnický úřad, centrální banka nebo vláda – často ztrácejí důvěru jen proto, že krize nastala za jejich působení,“ říká Christian.
Jeho výzkum poukazuje na složitou situaci, v níž se stát během krize často ocitá: bez ohledu na to, jak jedná, může čelit dlouhodobé nedůvěře. Tato zjištění jsou cenným vodítkem pro dnešní tvůrce politik – zvlášť pokud jde o to, jak si důvěru veřejnosti udržet i v těžkých časech.
Christian Ochsner je assistant profesor na CERGE-EI, výzkumným spolupracovníkem SIAW (University of St. Gallen) a členem výzkumné sítě CESifo. Ve svém výzkumu se zaměřuje na to, jak historické události ovlivňují dlouhodobý vývoj společnosti a ekonomiky, a propojuje přístupy z rozvojové, regionální, politické a zdravotní ekonomie.
Celý rozhovor (v anličtině) si můžete přečíst zde.
Studii Pandemics’ Backlash: The Effects of the 1918 Influenza on Health Attitudes and Behavior najdete zde.
Poslechněte si také epizodu podcastu Talking Economics, kde Christian mluví o regionální ekonomii.